"So,just what is this almighty glue that binds us all together?"
Well my dear comrade,What a wonderful question you have presented before this table!
You see,all Satanists abide to a certain basic skeletal frame and then build outward from that point.
It matters not whom one chooses to bend his/her knee to,It matters not that one chooses to refrain from bending that knee at all!
These things are trivial and thus mean nothing if one is not abiding to that which the god/mascot  itself stands for!
For there is a reason we call it "Satanism".
For without an argument,a justification if you will, the god is irrelevent.
The arguments,the convictions define the the god and therefore vs/vrs for he/she/it  is a representative of  the above first and anything else, second.
For instance,if you are a voter, how do you base your choice on the right man/woman for the job?
 With no plans/arguments they are nothing correct?
Do you just pick this person because he/she is there w/out reason and follow blindly?
Or do you hear what he/she has to say and thus your agreements sway your choice to either representative.
The same is said here.
The god/character "Satan" and thus his attributes were defined long before LaVey ( (Before some of you Trad's get all high and mighty though..it is crucial to point out that LaVey did sum much of it up quite nicely in his books and also added much that has become widely accepted by all ! Yes,even by yourself,but that is another page)even before the days of the Hellfire club(which had a much more primitive concept based upon sexual and other basic indulgences in the name of Satan) and a few others.
Though one can honestly "technically" assume and "do"  that Satanism was born the instant moral ethics came into play(in a variety of theistic ways as well), Satanism was defined "popularly" 2000 years ago by the birth of xian "sin"(not by xian tongues/heresay mind you)and along w/ the birth of a stolen(one of many) angel/Devil that stood as an archetype/representative to these sins.
These"sins",we as Satanists recognize as freedoms,as indulgence and a realistic beneficial outlook on our lives.
There is no good  nor evil for we do not believe in either.There is only choice vrs. blind abstinence/following.
We refrain from only that which we deem unwise based on our own beneficial insights.
We remain unclouded by moral implementations "for the self is all that matters in the end".
W/out my own rambling off of the subject...the following are plain blk./white commonalities that most every Satanist(regardless of denomination) follows.
They are the "core-philosophy",the keys,so to speak,that make a Satanist a Satanist and thus define us legitimately "as a whole".
These are generalizations and though they leave much toward specifics,if you are here it is hereby assumed that you are a well studied Satanist and therefore should have no trouble translating the specifics. 
 
Indulgence
To partake in the fruits that life has to offer w/out moral obstacles.
The refusal to refrain from these things unless personally deemed unwise or unhealthy to ones well-being.
 
Individuality
To be true to one's self, to be true to individual creativity and promote a minds personal  growth in its own light.
To see a world through one's own eyes w/out the fuzzy blur of a single circuit society that is told what to see,what to think,what is acceptable,etc...a non-conforming mind. 

Independence
To stand up on ones own two hooves and make life work physically and mentally. To be inquisitive and build one's own mental fortress,morality and one's own life. To get things done baby! 

Responsibility
To take responsibility for one's own actions.
The realization that you are your own boss and to run your life as the boss.
To realize the possible outcome of one's actions.
 Mistakes are to be seen for what they are and not repeated.
There is no woulda',coulda',shoulda',no one elses fault,no scape goats...what is done is done..so resolve the problem or move on and take it as a learning experience to not repeat.

Knowledge
 The open exploration for knowledge.
Taboos and pop moral obstacles present little problem.
The refusal of  merely accepting what one is told,but to run out in search of things that are not merely laid before you in plain daylight or within the herd's way of thinking.
We are constantly delving into the road less traveled to quench our thirst for knowledge.
Concern:(Though this can/does include the occult world most often,it seems that many are far too small minded to see beyond just that and thus will be as far as this person ever travels. It is sad,really)